‘Truth is One but the wise speak of it differently’

(1) Ancient Greek philosophy from the Pre-Socratics to Aristotle
The theme of this module is the way wisdom was connected to living a good life, to the human soul and truth.
Week 1: Pre-socratics, Parmenides and Heraclitus: the alignment of ‘what is’ with truth
Week 2: Socrates and irony
Week 3: The death of Socrates and the life of philosophy
Week 4: Plato’s Symposium and the beauty of Eros giving the glue of reality
Week 5: Aristotle on living the meaningful life of eudaimonia

(2) Some aspects of wisdom within the Christian tradition
Week 1: The foundation
~  Wisdom in the teaching of Jesus
~  Jesus as the embodied wisdom of God in John’s gospel
Week 2: Confronting one’s demons: the wisdom of the mothers and fathers of the desert
Week 3: The eternal freshness of the world: the wisdom of Hildegard of Bingen
Week 4: Thomas Aquinas and the vision of God
Week 5: Meister Eckhart, the man from whom God hid nothing

(3) Introduction to Indian spirituality
Week 1: The message of the Upanishads (jnana yoga – of spiritual knowledge)
Week 2: The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (raja yoga – of meditation) – yoga as samadhi
Week 3: Yoga Sutras cont. – the obstacles that cause suffering and the eight fold path
Week 4: Bhagavad Gita (karma yoga – of selfless service)
Week 5: Bhagavad Gita cont. (bhakti yoga – of devotion to God)

(4) Islamic mysticism
Based on the metaphysics of Ibn ʿArabī (1165–1240)
Week 1: The principle of unity
Week 2: Creation and the cosmos
Week 3: The human being
Week 4: The non-human realms (minerals, plants and animals)
Week 5: The spiritual path / return

(5) Contemporary issues
Whereas the first 4 modules are text-based, this particular module may also use a wider variety of materials e.g. films, interviews, conference presentations. We aim to choose topics of current interest at the time. These are some examples:
Week 1: Modern science and the understanding of consciousness
Week 2: Ecology and climate change
Week 3: Social justice
Week 4: Health (mental and physical) and wellbeing
Week 5: Modern poetry and contemporary expressions of the ideas we have been studying

Keith Hammond is a retired academic who lectured in philosophy for over 20 years in the University of Glasgow. For the last ten years of his career he also taught in the Islamic University of Gaza, Birzeit and Bethlehem Universities and several other universities across the Middle East. His enduring interest has always been in Ancient Greek thought and modernity, where the former can be approached as an aid to modern problems.

Elizabeth Roberts studied English at Oxford, Philosophical Inquiry at Glasgow University and gained an education in the principles and practice of spirituality through the Beshara School. After a career spent in education she now teaches and practices yoga and ayurveda in the Scottish Borders, and is currently Philosophy Tutor on the Yoga Scotland teacher training course. She was Chairman of the Beshara Trust from 2008-2014.

Dr Jim Griffin is a psychotherapist until recently living in the Scottish Borders, now living in Malvern. He has a PhD in comparative philosophy (Christian and Confucian) and taught for a while at university level. He teaches meditation and does some writing. The dialogue between religions in contemporary culture has been his abiding interest.

Jane Clark MA (Islamic Mysticism) is a Senior Research Fellow of the Muhyiddin Ibn ‘Arabi Society. She has a Masters degree in Medieval Arabic Philosophy from the University of Oxford, and has been studying, teaching and lecturing on the ideas of Ibn ’Arabi for more than thirty years. She is the Editor of the Beshara Magazine which aims to bring together traditional wisdom with contemporary thought.